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This strategy is presented. We performed a budget impact analysis from the perspective of the U.S. health care system based on published and gray literature reports. Russell Kaplan Auctioneers. Developed under the prevailing zeitgeist of the biomedical model, behavioral and social science has often been underfunded at NIH. He also represents insurance carriers . Primary Residence: New York, NY. Participants in the physical activity intervention had more favorable changes in both outcomes as a result of treatment than those in the successful aging intervention. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that replacing sedentary activities with light intensity activities could lead to lower BMI levels and obesity prevalence among the population of older adults. View details for DOI 10.1176/appi.ps.201900098. Implementing sobering centers as a treatment alternative for individuals with uncomplicated acute alcohol intoxication could yield substantial cost savings for the U.S. health care system. OBJECTIVE: The study examined whether comorbid low mental health functioning inflates the cost of treating a chronic disease.METHODS: Data were from the 2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (N=33,893). View details for Web of Science ID 000349893300002, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC4333053, Because they are potentially modifiable and may coexist, we evaluated the combined occurrence of a reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and peripheral artery disease (PAD), including its association with exertional symptoms, physical inactivity, and impaired mobility, in sedentary elders with functional limitations.Cross sectional.Lifestyle Interventions and Independence in Elder (LIFE) Study.A total of 1307 sedentary community-dwelling persons, mean age 78.9, with functional limitations (Short Physical Performance Battery [SPPB] <10).A reduced FEV1 was defined by a z-score less than -1.64 ( Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate intervention effects on time to first occurrence of the composite end point of death plus nonfatal MI. Acceptable levels of data completeness (>83%) were achieved on all computer-based measures; however, rates of missing data were higher among older participants (odds ratio = 1.06 for each additional year; p < 0.001) and those who reported no current computer use (odds ratio = 2.71; p < 0.001). Converging evidence suggests that physical activity is an effective intervention for both clinical depression and sub-threshold depressive symptoms; however, findings are not always consistent. Robert M. Kaplan is a forensic psychiatrist, speaker and writer based in Wollongong, Australia. Conjoint analysis may be a more robust approach to preference measurement for men at risk for prostate cancer. Fragoso, C. A., Hsu, F., Brinkley, T., Church, T., Liu, C. K., Manini, T., Newman, A. B., Pahor, M., Gill, T. M. Respiratory Impairment and Dyspnea and Their Associations with Physical Inactivity and Mobility in Sedentary Community-Dwelling Older Persons. Sensitivity analyses using MCS score as a continuous variable, using a log10 transformation of the cost variable, and focusing only on persons with scores on the extreme low end did not significantly alter the conclusions.CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to expectation, the combination of poor mental functioning and chronic disease diagnosis did not have a strong synergistic effect on cost. Dismiss. Wilson, D. K., Christensen, A., Jacobsen, P. B., Kaplan, R. M. Cost impact of sobering centers on national health care spending in the United States. View details for DOI 10.1093/gerona/glv003. View details for DOI 10.1177/0272989X19873667, View details for DOI 10.1007/s11606-019-04998-5, View details for Web of Science ID 000483539200011. These include the EQ-5D, the Health Utilities Index (HUI), the self-administered Quality of Well-being Scale (QWB-SA), and the Health and Activities Limitation Index (HALex). Ma, Y., Hebert, J. R., Manson, J. E., Balasubramanian, R., Liu, S., LaMonte, M. J., Bird, C. E., Ockene, J. K., Qiao, Y., Olendzki, B., Schneider, K. L., Rosal, M. C., Sepavich, D. M., Wactawski-Wende, J., Stefanick, M. L., Phillips, L. S., Ockene, I. S., Kaplan, R. C., Sarto, G. E., Garcia, L., Howard, B. V. The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders Study: Design and Methods. This pilot work examined associations of brain grey matter volumes (GMV) with perceived fatigability in older adults to elucidate disablement mechanisms. Follow-up ended in December 2013. His books are on politics, primarily foreign affairs, and travel. Groessl, E. J., Kaplan, R. M., Rejeski, W., Katula, J. But that's where the good news ends. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved). Groessl, E. J., Kaplan, R. M., Castro Sweet, C. M., Church, T., Espeland, M. A., Gill, T. M., Glynn, N. W., King, A. C., Kritchevsky, S., Manini, T., McDermott, M. M., Reid, K. F., Rushing, J., Pahor, M. Cost-effectiveness of the LIFE Physical Activity Intervention for Older Adults at Increased Risk for Mobility Disability. In this report, we offer three examples of how economic data could promote greater adoption of behavioral and psychosocial interventions in clinical settings where primary or specialty medical care is delivered to patients. Incident AS cases were identified using diagnostic codes from electronic medical and administrative records.RESULTS: In contrast to some prior studies, AS incidence was similar among males and females (incidence rate ratio: 1.16, p = 0.23; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.79, 95% confidence interval: 0.61 - 1.02; p = 0.072). Medical tests - whether true or false - generate strong psychological messages. Sleep-wake disturbances were evaluated using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) (range 0-28; 8 defined insomnia), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) (range 0-24; 10 defined daytime drowsiness), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (range 0-21; >5 defined poor sleep quality), and Berlin Questionnaire (high risk of sleep apnea).Prevalence rates were 43.5% for slow gait speed and 44.7% for moderate to severe mobility impairment, with 77.0% of accelerometry wear time spent as sedentary time. The ICERS are less than many commonly recommended medical treatments. Eight conditions (arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], high cholesterol, cancer, diabetes, stroke, coronary heart disease, and asthma) were analyzed separately.RESULTS: For each analysis, presence or absence of the chronic condition had a strong impact on cost. Scheuter, C., Rochlin, D. H., Lee, C., Milstein, A., Kaplan, R. M. Contributions of Health Care to Longevity: A Review of 4 Estimation Methods. Buford, T. W., Hsu, F., Brinkley, T. E., Carter, C. S., Church, T. S., Dodson, J. Although lower baseline ABI was not associated with overall changes in cognitive function test scores, it was associated with higher odds for 2-year progression to a composite of either mild cognitive impairment or probable dementia (odds ratio 2.60 per unit lower ABI; 95% confidence interval 1.06-6.37). Robert M Kaplan Boca Raton, FL (Century Village West) AGE 70s AGE 70s Robert M Kaplan Boca Raton, FL (Century Village West) Aliases Bob L Kaplan Phone NumberAddressBackground Report Aliases Bob L Kaplan Addresses Preston a Boca Raton, FL Eagle Creek Ct Boca Raton, FL James St Aledo, TX Relatives Responses ranged from 0 (none of the time) to 5 (all of the time). He is an elected member of the National Academy of Medicine. Across 2 years, changes in ABI were not associated with changes in cognitive function.In an older cohort sedentary individuals with dementia and with functional limitations, lower baseline ABI was independently correlated with cognitive function and associated with greater 2-year risk for progression to mild cognitive impairment or probable dementia. Gill, T. M., Pahor, M., Guralnik, J. M., McDermott, M. M., King, A. C., Buford, T. W., Strotmeyer, E. S., Nelson, M. E., Sink, K. M., Demons, J. L., Kashaf, S. S., Walkup, M. P., Miller, M. E. An observational study identifying obese subgroups among older adults at increased risk of mobility disability: do perceptions of the neighborhood environment matter? Linking among different measures and consensus on standard HRQoL measurement should now be prioritized. In the 14% of records that contained results, the new data provided in the ClinicalTrials.gov records did not change the results or conclusions of the reviews. Measures of physical function included usual-paced gait speed and performance on the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). This pattern of results persisted even after stratifying on the number of self-reported chronic conditions.Our findings provide no evidence that access to and use of health care explains the education-health gradient. The purpose of this paper is to review standardized approaches to cost-effectiveness analysis and to encourage their use for the evaluation of behavioral intervention programs. Kaplan, R. M., Johnson, S. B., Kobor, P. C. Effect of Structured Physical Activity on Overall Burden and Transitions Between States of Major Mobility Disability in Older Persons Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial. Duration, but not intensity (ie, mean counts/min), of daily PA is inversely associated with HCHD risk score in this population-although the association for intensity may be sex specific among persons without CVD.www.clinicaltrials.gov Unique identifier: NCT01072500. Sink, K. M., Espeland, M. A., Castro, C. M., Church, T., Cohen, R., Dodson, J. Because of our experience in family law, you can rely on us to do the right thing. Although the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) treatment was designed to include individual therapy and cognitive behavioral group training for patients with depression and/or low perceived social support, only 31% of treated participants received group training. On the basis of a review of the literature, commercial information, and structured expert interviews, we performed a sensitivity analysis to determine the incremental economic benefit of using modern NEMT. Costs for this PA program for older adults are comparable to those of other PA interventions. Incident MCI or dementia occurred in 98 participants (13.2%) in the physical activity group and 91 participants (12.1%) in the health education group (odds ratio, 1.08 [95% CI, 0.80 to 1.46]).Among sedentary older adults, a 24-month moderate-intensity physical activity program compared with a health education program did not result in improvements in global or domain-specific cognitive function.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01072500. In adjusted models, measures of mobility and physical inactivity were generally not associated with sleep-wake disturbances, using continuous or categorical variables.In a large sample of sedentary community-dwelling elderly adults with functional limitations, sleep-wake disturbances were prevalent but only mildly severe and were generally not associated with mobility impairment or physical inactivity. In addition, we review methods used for economic analysis and calculation of the quality-adjusted life year (QALY). The results suggest that a targeted approach to recommending PA therapy for treatment of depression is viable. The Coming Anarchy. Age-stratified recursive partitioning methods were applied to identify distinct subgroups with varying obesity prevalence.Among participants aged 70-78 years, four distinct subgroups, defined by combinations of perceived environment and race-ethnicity variables, were identified. Accelerometry data collected during PA training revealed that the average intensity - 1,555 counts/minute for men and 1,237 counts/minute for women - was well below the cutoff point used to classify exercise as being of moderate intensity or higher for adults. Gender, age, and scores on a short physical performance battery did not moderate these effects. View details for Web of Science ID 000324170300001, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC3775623. 12. with Honors and Academic Distinction Psychology Department Special Award for graduation with highest academic View PDF In February of 2011,Robert M. Kaplan, Ph.D. joined the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Office of the Director as Associate Director for Behavioral and Social . Physical activity interventions can slow the decline in quality of life, and targeting specific subgroups may enhance the effects of such interventions. Fragoso, C. A., Miller, M. E., Fielding, R. A., King, A. C., Kritchevsky, S. B., McDermott, M. M., Myers, V., Newman, A. A., King, A. C., Frierson, G., Hsu, F., Walkup, M., Pahor, M. Health-related quality of life in older adults at risk for disability. It employs 11-20 people and has $1M-$5M of revenue. A., King, A. C., Frierson, G., Glynn, N. W., Hsu, F., Walkup, M., Pahor, M. Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering (ICME), Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI), Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR), Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, Office of VP for University Human Resources, Office of Vice President for Business Affairs and Chief Financial Officer, Medicine - Primary Care and Population Health, DOI 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-052120-012811. The interpretation of screening results is also affected by several known biases. Additionally, NDYN-O demonstrated higher diastolic blood pressure compared with DYN-O (70.910.1 vs 67.79.7, P.001). Robert Kaplan; Found 609 results for. Prof. Robert Kaplan is the Baker Foundation Professor at Harvard Business School. Robert M. Kaplan in the United States of America. Bentley Kaplan Expand search. Interview: Robert Kaplan, . To advance the field, we need a greater emphasis on evaluations that ask 'Does the treatment work under real-world conditions? We examined characteristics of the transparent reporting of depression treatment studies registered in ClinicalTrials.gov.DESIGN: Cross sectional.SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: US-based studies identified in a search of ClinicalTrials.gov with depression as the condition, enrolling ages 18 and older, and completed between 1 January 2008 and 1 May 2019.INTERVENTIONS: All interventions were included.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The main outcome was whether any results were reported prior to 1 May 2020. Impact of Baseline Fatigue on a Physical Activity Intervention to Prevent Mobility Disability. A Phase 3 randomized controlled trial is needed to fill this evidence gap.The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) Study is a Phase 3 multicenter randomized controlled trial designed to compare a supervised moderate-intensity physical activity program with a successful aging health education program in 1,600 sedentary older persons followed for an average of 2.7 years.LIFE's primary outcome is major mobility disability, defined as the inability to walk 400 m. Secondary outcomes include cognitive function, serious fall injuries, persistent mobility disability, the combined outcome of major mobility disability or death, disability in activities of daily living, and cost-effectiveness.Results of this study are expected to have important public health implications for the large and growing population of older sedentary men and women. In 1990, the Senate Appropriations Committee, recognizing that behavior may contribute to about half of all premature deaths, recommended that funding for behavioral and social sciences research should be about 10% of the NIH budget. Among the studies with both a record and publication, there was also wide variability in the match between published outcomes and those listed in ClinicalTrials.gov. March Wunderkammer Auction 9th - 19th March. The examples are collaborative care for depression, chronic pain management, and cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia. Also, a sizable subgroup required one or more rest stops. Conjoint analysis is widely used in studies of consumer preference but has only recently been applied to measure patient utilities for health outcomes. Lower mental health functioning also had a significant impact on cost. Adam, G. P., Springs, S., Trikalinos, T., Williams, J. W., Eaton, J. L., Von Isenburg, M., Gierisch, J. M., Wilson, L. M., Robinson, K. A., Viswanathan, M., Middleton, J., Forman-Hoffman, V. L., Berliner, E., Kaplan, R. M. AN UPDATE ON THE COST-EFFECTIVENESS WORKING GROUP ON METHODOLOGY, COLLABORATIVE CARE AND DISSEMINATION. Contributions of Health Care to Longevity: A Review of 4 Estimation Methods. The Minister's . This polymorphism is known to influence a variety of physiological adaptions to exercise. Council on Foreign Relations Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), independent nonpartisan think tank and publisher that promotes . Bob has taken hundreds of jury trials to verdict, defending clients in premises liability, professional malpractice, products liability, assault, and motor vehicle liability cases. View details for Web of Science ID 000326466800004, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC3775886. Fremont, A., Kim, A. Y., Bailey, K., Hanley, H. R., Thorne, C., Dudl, R. J., Kaplan, R. M., Shortell, S. M., DeMaria, A. N. Educational Attainment and Health Outcomes: Data From the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey, Dynapenia and Metabolic Health in Obese and Nonobese Adults Aged 70 Years and Older: The LIFE Study. Incidence of Ankylosing Spondylitis Among Male and Female United States Army Personnel. The SF-12 physical component summary score was a covariate. (Am J Public Health. Mr. Kaplan holds degrees from Cape Town University and Columbia University. The November 2020 report, 'Modernization of the TRICARE Benefit', specifies a rubric to evaluate these value-based care initiatives not only in traditional measures of effectiveness but also in terms of the Defense Health Agency's Quadruple Aim with its focus on readiness. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of hospitalizations on patterns of sedentary and physical activity time in mobility-limited older adults randomized to structured physical activity or health education.DESIGN: Secondary analysis of investigator-blinded, parallel-group, randomized trial conducted at 8 U.S. centers between February 2010 and December 2013.PARTICIPANTS: Sedentary men and women aged 70 to 89 at baseline who wore a hip-fitted accelerometer 7 consecutive days at baseline and 6, 12, and 24 months after randomization (N=1,341).MEASUREMENTS: Participants were randomized to a physical activity (PA; n = 669) intervention that included aerobic, resistance, and flexibility training or to a health education (HE; n = 672) intervention that consisted of workshops on older adult health and light upper-extremity stretching. The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) Study is a Phase III randomized controlled clinical trial (Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01072500) that will provide definitive evidence regarding the effect of physical activity (PA) on major mobility disability in older adults (70-89 years old) who have compromised physical function. Each team then evaluated the impact of the evidence found in ClinicalTrials.gov on the conclusions in the review.Across the five reviews, the number of studies that had both a registry record and a publication varied widely, from none in one review to 43% of all studies identified in another. In comparison with PE, we found significantly higher ratings for the IBMT group on dimensions of life quality. All interactions between the factors were nonsignificant. OBJECTIVES: Depression affects an estimated 7% of the adult population at an estimated cost of over US$200billion/year in the USA. The Nothing That Is A Natural History Of Zero Robert M Kaplan is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public Pending further verification, the results may help to inform subsequent targeting of such subgroups for further investigation.Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier= NCT01072500. The subgroups with the lowest obesity prevalence (45.5-59.4%) consisted of participants who reported living in neighborhoods with higher residential density. Robert Q. v Dembek M. je sasou turnaja South Africa F3, Singles. gait speed and performance on the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB).The group*time interaction was not significant for serum CAF concentrations (p=0.265), indicating that the PA intervention did not significantly reduce serum CAF levels compared to SA. Adding a variety of variables on health care and attitudes to the models provided no additional explanatory power. Exercise improved gait speed by 0.06 0.01 m/sec and SPPB score by 0.72 0.16 points among those with at least one D allele (ID/DD carriers), but function was not improved among II carriers. Appointments with Robert M. Kaplan can be arranged at two locations in NSW; other venues by arrangement: Wollongong (332 Crown St) Sydney (16 Vernon St, Bondi Junction) Interstate (eg., Melbourne, Hobart and Brisbane) He has homes in Cape Town and Jerusalem. Updated: October 4, 2011 . South Africa . AS rates increased approximately monotonically with age. A., Brubaker, P. H., Mihalko, S. L., Jennings, J. M., Hadley, E. C., Romashkan, S., Patel, K. V., Bonds, D., McDermott, M. M., Spring, B., Hauser, J., Kerwin, D., Domanchuk, K., Graff, R., Rego, A., Church, T. S., Blair, S. N., Myers, V. H., Monce, R., Britt, N. E., Harris, M., McGucken, A., Rodarte, R., Millet, H. K., Tudor-Locke, C., Butitta, B. P., Donatto, S., Cocreham, S. H., King, A. C., Castro, C. M., Haskell, W. L., Stafford, R. S., Pruitt, L. A., Berra, K., Yank, V., Fielding, R. A., Nelson, M. E., Folta, S. C., Phillips, E. M., Liu, C. K., McDavitt, E. C., Reid, K. F., Kirn, D. R., Pasha, E. P., Kim, W. S., Beard, V. E., Tsiroyannis, E. X., Hau, C., Manini, T. M., Anton, S. D., Nayfield, S., Buford, T. W., Marsiske, M., Sandesara, B. D., Knaggs, J. D., Lorow, M. S., Marena, W. C., Korytov, I., Morris, H. L., Fitch, M., Singletary, F. F., Causer, J., Radcliff, K. A., Newman, A. Robert M Kaplan of Wantagh, Nassau County, New York was born on December 31, 1965, and died at age 36 years old on November 21, 2002. View details for Web of Science ID 000391236900011. He graduated from Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine in 1973. He has served as Chief Science Officer at the US Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) and Associate Director of the National Institutes of Health, where he led the behavioral and social sciences programs. Lastly, the IBMT group had stronger brain connectivity between the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and the striatum at resting state, as well as greater volume of gray matter in the striatum. Pahor, M., Guralnik, J. M., Ambrosius, W. T., Blair, S., Bonds, D. E., Church, T. S., Espeland, M. A., Fielding, R. A., Gill, T. M., Groessl, E. J., King, A. C., Kritchevsky, S. B., Manini, T. M., McDermott, M. M., Miller, M. E., Newman, A. People Projects Discussions . The racial/ethnic distribution was 84.1% non-Hispanic white, 9.2% non-Hispanic black, 4.1% Hispanic, and 2.6% Asian. 104 people named Robert Kaplan found in Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, Springfield and 4 other cities. Adibuzzaman, M., Jung, Y., Bareinboim, E., Griffin, P., Kethireddy, S., Bikak, M., Kaplan, R. Physical Activity and Performance Impact Long-term Quality of Life in Older Adults at Risk for Major Mobility Disability. We defined incident MMD as the inability to walk 400-m at follow-up visits; PMMD was defined as two consecutive walk failures. Hierarchical linear regression models were used to examine correlates of HRQOL.The mean QWB-SA score for the sample was 0.630 on an interval scale ranging from 0.0 (death) to 1.0 (asymptomatic, optimal functioning). The ISI includes him in the listing of the most cited authors in . Among participants aged 79-89 years, the subgroup (of three distinct subgroups identified) with the lowest obesity prevalence (19.4%) consisted of non-African American/Black participants who reported living in neighborhoods with friends or acquaintances similar in demographic characteristics to themselves. Results of baseline fatigue by intervention interaction was MMD (P=.18) and PMMD (P=.05).CONCLUSION: A long-term moderate intensity PA intervention was particularly effective at preserving mobility in older adults with higher levels of baseline fatigue. Consistent with prior research, the AS incidence rate was greater in the White population than the Black population (aOR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.01 - 1.66, p = 0.04).CONCLUSION: In this study population, the incidence of AS was similar for the sexes. The mental component summary (MCS) score of the 12-item Short Form (SF-12) was used as a measure of mental health status. Physical Activity and Performance Impact Long-term Quality of Life in Older Adults at Risk for Major Mobility Disability. To examine determinants of racial/ethnic differences in diabetes incidence among postmenopausal women participating in the Women's Health Initiative.Data on race/ethnicity, baseline diabetes prevalence, and incident diabetes were obtained from 158,833 women recruited from 1993-1998 and followed through August 2009. The U.S. Military Health System spends about $50 billion annually to provide care to 9.6 million active duty service members, retirees, and their families through its TRICARE health plans. Genealogy for Robert Roman Kaplan (1908 - 1978) family tree on Geni, with over 240 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. This shift also aims to motivate other large government and private payors to accelerate the adoption of value-based care through TRICARE's example. Our findings show that the majority of diabetes cases are preventable, and risk reduction strategies can be effectively applied to all racial/ethnic groups. BACKGROUND: In the literature on the treatment of depression, efficacy and effectiveness research have different purposes and should apply different research methodologies.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to review characteristics of depression treatment studies identified using efficacy or effectiveness search terms. A., Brubaker, P. H., Mihalko, S. L., Jennings, J. M., Chen, S., Pierce, J. J., Chen, H., Hadley, E. C., Romashkan, S., Patel, K. V., Bethesda, Bonds, D., McDermott, M. M., Spring, B., Hauser, J., Kerwin, D., Domanchuk, K., Graff, R., Rego, A., Church, T. S., Blair, S. N., Myers, V. H., Monce, R., Britt, N. E., Harris, M. N., McGucken, A. P., Rodarte, R., Millet, H. K., Tudor-Locke, C., Butitta, B. P., Donatto, S. G., Cocreham, S. H., King, A. C., Castro, C. M., Haskell, W. L., Stafford, R. S., Pruitt, L. A., Yank, V., Berra, K., Bell, C., Thiessen, R. M., Youngman, K. P., Virgen, S. B., Maldonado, E., Tarin, K. N., Klaftenegger, H., Prosak, C. A., Campero, I., Garcia, D. M., Soto, J., Chio, L., Hoskins, D., Fielding, R. A., Nelson, M. E., Folta, S. C., Phillips, E. M., Liu, C. K., McDavitt, E. C., Reid, K. F., Kirn, D. R., Pasha, E. P., Kim, W. S., Krol, J. M., Beard, V. E., Tsiroyannis, E. X., Hau, C., Manini, T. M., Pahor, M., Anton, S. D., Buford, T. W., Marsiske, M., Nayfield, S. G., Sandesara, B. D., Black, M. L., Burk, W. L., Hoover, B. M., Knaggs, J. D., Marena, W. C., Korytov, I., Curtis, S. D., Lorow, M. S., Goswami, C. S., Lewis, M. A., Kamen, M., Bitz, J. N., Stanton, B. K., Hicks, T. T., Gay, C. W., Xie, C., Morris, H. L., Singletary, F. F., Causer, J., Yonce, S., Radcliff, K. A., Smith, M. P., Scott, J. S., Rodriguez, M. M., Fitch, M. S., Dunn, M. C., Schllesinger, J. Q., Newman, A. ICCs among clinics were at least as low (ICC < 0.013) as for interviewer measures (ICC < 0.023), reflecting good standardization. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were US$42,376/major mobility disability prevented and US$49,167/QALY. Studies identified as effectiveness, efficacy, or both differed on three outcome measures: the inclusion criteria were lengthier for efficacy than for effectiveness studies; efficacy studies were more likely to have a placebo control condition than effectiveness studies; and the journal impact factor was lower for effectiveness studies than for studies from the efficacy search or studies identified by both searches.CONCLUSIONS: Efficacy and effectiveness research hypothetically use different methodologies, but the efficacy and effectiveness literatures in the treatment of depression were comparable for most of the coded characteristics. Bann, D., Hire, D., Manini, T., Cooper, R., Botoseneanu, A., McDermott, M. M., Pahor, M., Glynn, N. W., Fielding, R., King, A. C., Church, T., Ambrosius, W. T., Gill, T. Association of objectively measured physical activity with cardiovascular risk in mobility-limited older adults. Data are sparse regarding the impacts of habitual physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior on cardiovascular (CV) risk in older adults with mobility limitations.This study examined the baseline, cross-sectional association between CV risk and objectively measured PA among participants in the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) study. In a multistate model, the hazard ratios for comparisons of physical activity with health education were 0.87 (CI, 0.73 to 1.03) for the transition from no MMD to MMD; 0.52 (CI, 0.10 to 2.67) for no MMD to death; 1.33 (CI, 0.99 to 1.77) for MMD to no MMD; and 1.92 (CI, 1.15 to 3.20) for MMD to death.The intention-to-treat principle was maintained for MMD burden and first transition out of no MMD, but not for subsequent transitions.A structured physical activity program reduced the MMD burden for an extended period, in part through enhanced recovery after the onset of disability and diminished risk for subsequent disability episodes.National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health.